In between political humanism and revolution: the European political thinking of Machiavelli to Bakunin

The main stages of European political thinking. Political humanism, Luther's Reformation and the birth of utopian thinking in Europe. The first modernity, the development of the relationship between political subject and state, and the relationship between Ancien Régime and Enlightenment in France. The relationship between history and politics in France, Italy and Scotland. European political thought between reason and revolution, Hegel's philosophy of law and the return of order after the revolution. Liberalism as a fundamental part of European political thought in France, Germany and England. Socialism and Democracy. The anarchist thought between reality and utopia.