Sônia Maria de Magalhães

Diagnosis of the heartland of Brazil: health and diseases in Goiás from 1823 to 1916

The impressions of Goiás as a sick province permeate the records of authorities, administrators, rulers and doctors over time. Managers, however, were already thinking that poor nutrition and living conditions, and the unfavorable topography of the capital "set in a deep basin of moist terrain, surrounded by mountains and subjected to high temperatures" might have explained the diversity of ailments that prevailed in that place. As the eighties entered, local administrators and doctors began to blame the location and architecture of the city of Goiás as preponderant factors for the various prevailing conditions. Studies related to the history of diseases and medicine in Goiás has only very recently attracted the attention of historians, denoting an open space for multiple investigations. Until then, the History of Medicine in Goiás by physician Jerônimo Bueno was one of the few studies on the subject. Thus, the characters of regional medicine: doctors, apothecaries and administrators of the old hospital establishments permeate their study. After two decades of silence, the issue emerges with more force in the book Health and diseases in Goiás, which proposes to know the health and disease seen and experienced by the people of Goiás related to food, housing, hygiene, climate, water and other components of the way of life and regional mentalities. The book, based on original sources, provides researchers with a remarkable contribution to history, medicine and public health. It is a singular work also because it contemplates as a space of analysis in the heartland of Brazil at a time when the works of history of medicine chose the coastal regions. The reading of Health and diseases in Goiás has made me aware of the need to inquire about the social construction of the disease through the impressions and records of administrators and doctors who have cast their eyes on the reality of Goiás at different times because it was not properly considered, being neglected by historiography. The proposed chronological section, 1823 to 1916, aims to investigate the construction of the regional nosological scenario from the records of the Commander of Arms, Raymundo da Cunha Mattos, who through their correspondence, left us singular records on the diseases that prevail in the northern part of the province. Inquiries spend most of the nineteenth century building a view of illness from the opinions of local administrators and doctors. It also considers the impressions of the scientific expeditions that penetrated the territory: the Cruls Commission on the threshold of the 19th century and run by doctors Belisário Penna and Arthur Neiva in the beginning of the 20th century. Dealing with this debate will certainly bring deeply analyzes on issues that until then have remained hidden or neglected in the elaboration of the nosological diagnosis of Goiás in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. The temporal scope attempts to capture the remains and ruptures, continuities and discontinuities in the construction and understanding of health, disease and health conditions in Goiás over time. Therefore, the research works on a long duration term, which surpasses the force of continuity.

THE POPULAR COOK, THE QUARESMA BOOKSTORE AND THE INVENTION OF BRAZILIAN CUISINE (1900-1973)

Description: This project examines the cookbook as the legitimate source of the historian. From it, it is possible to make rich interpretations about societies and their social, political, economic, cultural aspects. The Popular Cook, published by the Quaresma Bookstore, contributed to the spread of reading understood as popular with a nationalist slant, with criticism of the ways of the Brazilian elite in the first decades of the Republic. With several editions and thousands of prints throughout the 20th century, he took on the task of elaborating the sense of national cuisine in the conciliation between territorial unity and regional diversity.

Caio Prado Júnior's "The Sense of Colonization" paradigm and his permanence in the teaching of colonial Brazilian History in the classroom 

This research aims to show that the foundations built by historiographic revisionism about the critique of the Ancient Colonial System, underpinned by a traditional conception of history, were powerful enough to maintain a structure that, despite curriculum reforms and proposals for changes in its conception, did not shake up so deeply in the classroom. Even if textbooks and school curricula incorporate academic reinterpretations into their contents, the classroom continues to reproduce and disseminate classical conceptions about the history of colonial Brazil.

The diversity of cultures: comparative studies

Description: The project intends to present the partial results of a broad investigation on the impacts of COVID-19 on the life of the university community of the Federal University of Goiás, whether professors, administrative staff and students to support actions that can discuss academically and promote debates on gender equity. Social isolation in the home environment has highlighted common problems in the domestic setting, where women face the highest burden of unpaid care work and house management tasks. In addition to being mainly responsible for domestic work and caring for people in the home in general, there is also the mental load of emotional work, since women are mostly responsible for planning and managing the home, all meals and daily life. We also add, at this current juncture, the alarming finding that the pandemic is reducing the production of academic work signed by women scientists, since the part of the day dedicated to intellectual work only becomes possible after the endless journey of domestic work and family care. The charge for scientific production, however, remains the same as before the pandemic, in which more favorable conditions of existence and execution of academic activities were in place.